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Tito Zanardelli (b.1848 - ?) was an Italian journalist and anarchist. At first a proponent of revolution, later he became more moderate and advocated legal means to achieve the goals of the workers. He then retired from politics and spent many years in Belgium as a professor of mnemonics and a prolific author on philological subjects. ==Early years== Tito Zanardelli was born in Vittorio Veneto in 1848. His family were strolling players who traveled around Italy giving mnemonic demonstrations and spreading the gospel. His step-sister was Emilia Tronzio, a native of Cosenza who had lost her parents in a cholera epidemic . In the 1870s she was the mistress of Errico Malatesta, during the period of his activity with the First International. Later she married Giovanni Defendi in London. Zanardelli stayed for long periods in Naples, and became active in Giuseppe Mazzini's movement for Italian unification. In 1869 he was editor of the ''Gazzettino del popolo'' (People's gazette). In 1871 Zanardelli joined the International Workingmen's Association (IWA) and joined the editorial staff of ''Il Motto d'ordine''. In January 1872 he was one of the founders in Naples of the internationalist periodical ''La Campana''. In August 1872 he attended the constitutive congress of the ''Federazione Alta Italia dell'Associazione Internazionale dei Lavoratori'' (FIAIL: Northern Italian section of the International Workingmen's Association) in Rimini, then was active in Venice where he and Pietro Magri co-founded the local workers' Federation. He worked in Trieste, in Austria-Hungary and in Rome where he worked with Osvaldo Gnocchi-Viani in organization and in international propaganda. Zanardelli prepared an almanac to be printed at the start of 1873 that gave the biographies of prominent people of the International who had died, arranged in alphabetical order. He was one of the contributors to the series of biographies of communards that appeared in ''La Plèbe'' between 1873 and 1876. These were often imaginative celebrations of the revolutionary acts in eulogic style. In March 1873 he participated in the FIAIL Congress in Bologna, where he was elected to the Propaganda commission. Returning to Rome he became active in organizing construction workers. He was arrested, but released on bail, and in 1874 emigrated to Switzerland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tito Zanardelli」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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